callenderi decide to try, whoever mid-diaphysis significant axis diameter range of 14.cuatro (PEFO 34561) so you can twenty-two.step 1 mm (PEFO 33991). 1, that’s underneath the brand new imply (16.4 mm) and you will just like the median proportions (fifteen.4 mm) of decide to try. Regardless of if size is perhaps not the best proxy having ontogeny (Griffin et al., 2020 ), the presence of drastically huge femora (PEFO 33991 and 35318) together with diminished an EFS when you look at the PEFO 33843 each other indicate that the second personal wasn’t adult, although it had probably enacted the purpose of inflection within the increases bend. Ergo, we could hypothesize that most of your own specimens inside analysis is none very early juveniles otherwise people of a good skeletal readiness position.
5.nine.dos Paramedian osteoderms
When you look at the evaluating the brand new osteohistology of the tested paramedian osteoderms away from R. callenderi and you may Krzyzanowskisaurus hunti, you will need to note that certain noticed version can be on account of positional consequences, both in regards to the new osteoderm’s accurate location in the carapace and you will where along the osteoderm the newest histological point is actually drawn. Less than, i define both osteoderms together, clearly noting in which it disagree.
Like the femur, the newest sampled paramedian osteoderm of R. callenderi (PEFO 33940a) has actually a slimmer coating regarding sparry calcite (Figures 13f, i), whereas new osteoderm out-of K. hunti (UCMP 175058) features a coating away from emerald-coloured glue, possibly shellac (Data 13h, j). Breaks and you can interior spaces from both points is actually permineralized because of the calcite spar. Short zones from UCMP 175058 try permineralized from the a keen opaque red-brown nutrient (Numbers 13h, j), probably a metal mineral particularly siderite otherwise hematite. Both specimens screen a number of high splits having displacement and better quantity of quicker hairline fractures (Numbers 13e–j) but are otherwise well-maintained.
The evidence of slowing gains, but zero EFS, try generally consistent with the dimensions list of femora from the PEFO Roentgen
Each other osteoderms is mainly lightweight cortical bones that have a relatively brief number of moderately size of vascular room (Figures 13f–j); these places are smaller than people seen in the latest aetosauriform A good. geoffreyi ( : fig. 8), however, much larger compared to the heavily-manufactured short spaces define inner cancellous tissue when you look at the aetosaurs (Cerda mais aussi al., 2018 ; Cerda & Desojo, 2011 ; Parker ainsi que al., 2008 ; Scheyer ainsi que al., 2014 ). Since seen from the Scheyer ainsi que al. ( 2014 : pg. 255) to own a tiny paramedian osteoderm regarding R. callenderi, these types of endosteal room is actually rimmed of the secondary lamellar muscle; the new supplementary muscle answering these types of places is much more extensive about osteoderm regarding K. hunti (Rates 13h, j). About specimen away from K. hunti, the new ventral boundary associated with the remodeled zone forms reasonable discontinuity between your second structure and you will first cells of basal cortex (grey arrow inside Profile 13j) which is much like the resorption line Cerda ainsi que al. ( 2018 ) explained to own aetosaurs, however, this line is quicker distinct in R. callenderi (Figure 13i). Conversely, the fresh new basal cortex both in specimens is almost completely avascular, save yourself for a few commonly spread simple canals and you may pri ) seen to possess Revueltosaurus therefore the symptom in A. geoffreyi ( ), while aetosaurs appear to be slightly so much more vascular here (Cerda mais aussi al., 2018 ; Scheyer et al., 2014 ). That it first limbs of one’s basal cortex comprises parallel-fibered structure, but lacks new laminar consistency demonstrated to antichat taktikleri own An excellent. geoffreyi (cf. , p. 16). The fresh basal cortex of your own R. callenderi osteoderm possesses apparently abundant Sharpey’s fibers on a premier position for the enough time axis of mix-area (Contour 13i, much like the updates seen in particular aetosaurs (cf. Cerda et al., 2018 : fig. 7g–h), while they appear is absent from inside the K. hunti (Figure 13j).